This Action is focused on the maximization of the benefit of in-service, continuous monitoring of critical aerospace structures by integrating ultrasonic wave-based non-destructive evaluation (NDE), energy harvesting and wireless sensor technologies at the design conception phase. The objective is to integrate optimization (of sensors and structures), computational modelling, advanced signal processing and advanced design approaches to produce a novel framework, design tools and guidelines for the delivery of the first generation of self-sensing aircraft capable of delivering accurate structural prognosis.